Clay Pottery / Barro
Barro, meaning clay, has been central to Mexican craftsmanship since pre-Hispanic times. Sourced locally, clay is shaped by hand or simple tools and fired in traditional kilns. Pottery ranges from everyday items like cooking pots to decorative pieces such as figurines and vases, often featuring vibrant colors and traditional motifs. Notable types include:
Talavera Pottery: From Puebla, known for its tin-glazed ceramic. Authentic Talavera follows strict criteria and includes variations like Talavera de la Reyna and Talavera de Dolores Hidalgo.
Barro Negro: From Oaxaca, known for its metallic sheen and black color from a specific firing process, often decorative with carved designs.
Barro Bruñido (Burnished Clay): Found in Michoacán and Jalisco, featuring a polished surface and natural earth tones.
Barro Canelo: From Tonalá, Jalisco, made from cinnamon-colored clay with intricate designs, used for utilitarian items.
Barro Rojo (Red Clay): Common in Oaxaca and Puebla, used for everyday household items like cooking pots and planters.
Tonalá Pottery: From Jalisco, includes Barro Betus (shiny finish) and Barro Petatillo (cross-hatching), often depicting animals and flowers.
Barro Policromado (Polychrome Clay): From Metepec, State of Mexico, featuring multicolored decorations, used in tree of life sculptures.
Botellones: From Michoacán, large clay vessels used historically for storing liquids, now serving as decorative pieces with traditional patterns.
Dotted Pottery/Barro Capulineado: refers to a distinctive style of pottery made exclusively in Capula, Michoacán. This traditional craft is known for its unique dotted patterns, which are applied to the pottery’s surface. The term “capulineado” refers to a decorative technique involving the application of a glossy finish using capulín (wild cherry) seeds or sap. This unique finish gives the pottery a distinctive sheen and texture, making it stand out among other traditional pottery styles. The dotted capulineado style is a hallmark of Capula’s traditional pottery, showcasing the region’s craftsmanship and contributing to its cultural identity.
Chiapas Pottery/Barro de Chiapas: especially from San Cristóbal de las Casas and surrounding areas, is known for its distinctive styles rooted in the traditions of the Tzotzil and Tzeltal Maya. This pottery often features cultural symbols with spiritual meanings. A popular item is the chicken planter, a whimsical piece crafted in the shape of a chicken, reflecting the playful folk art style of Chiapas. Made from locally sourced clay, these planters are hand-molded, fired in traditional kilns, and vividly painted. The chicken symbolizes prosperity, fertiliy, and rural life, making these planters both decorative and functional, ideal for holding small plants or succulents.